Beyond spinoff military and commercial technologies in a changing world boston ma harvard business publishing april 1992. In the past when american industry enjoyed a commanding lead over its international competitors spinoff from military rd and procurement to commercial applications was thought to be sufficient. Beyond spinoff military and commercial technologies in a changing world hardcover april 14 1992 by john a alic author lewis m branscomb author harvey brooks author ashton b carter author gerald l epstein author 2 more see all formats and editions. Beyond spinoff military and commercial technologies in a changing world john a alic both us commercial businesses and the military are increasingly dependent on technology for success and survival in the age of smart factories and smart weapons technological prowess is equally